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Percutaneous Transhepatic Cholangiogram (PTC)

Image by Kevin Kandlbinder

A&I Protocol

Fluoroscopy of a PTC procedure pre- and post-stenting.

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"Through the mesh" biliary stenting technique.

References

  1. Covey AM, Brown KT. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. Tech Vasc Interv Radiol. 2008 Mar;11(1):14–20.

  2. Hassan Z, Gadour E. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography vs endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage: A systematic review. World J Gastroenterol. 2022 Jul 21;28(27):3514–23. 

  3. Sato T, Nakai Y, Fujishiro M. Current endoscopic approaches to biliary strictures. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2022 Sep 1;38(5):450–60. 

  4. Yee AC, Ho CS. Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage: a review. Crit Rev Diagn Imaging. 1990;30(3):247–79. 

  5. Kokas B, Szijártó A, Farkas N, Ujváry M, Móri S, Kalocsai A, et al. Percutaneous transhepatic drainage is safe and effective in biliary obstruction-A single-center experience of 599 patients. PLoS One. 2021;16(11):e0260223.

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